Genes controlling emotions

2007

The gene Alpha 2b-Adrenoceptor (ADRA2B) is involved in the transport of a chemical called noradrenaline in the brain. People with the variant version show increased movement of this chemical between brain cells, a process that is linked to emotional arousal. 

Researchers led by Dominique de Quervain of the University of Zurich, Switzerland, made the discovery by presenting Swiss volunteers with emotionally neutral, positive or negative images — such as a family laughing together or a picture of an accident. 


noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
noradrenaline
ADRA2B antibody (Western Blot)
ADRA2B

Other researchers are already looking at whether memory formation can be altered by manipulating noradrenaline levels, a process that could lead to treatments for traumatic flashbacks. "It's interesting to see that there are already pharmaceutical approaches targeting this system," says de Quervain.

The Alpha 2b-Adrenergic Receptor controls the release of neurotransmitters from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system, and from sympathetic nerves. This receptor mediates the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 

A three amino-acid genetic polymorphic deletion in the protein results in a decrease of the basal metabolic rate compared to wildtype. Such polymorphism has been observed in 58 obese non-diabetic patients and may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity.