This talk explored the evolution of adaptation of organisms in extreme environments. From hot springs with their exceptional preservation of organic remains, to deep under where the distribution of hydrothermal vent communities were observed, through to an insight into the general mechanism of adaptation to life in the Antarctica and the huge potential impact of increasing carbon dioxide concentration ending off with an apocalyptic concluding statement of how past mass extinctions are accompanied by climate change. Special thanks to the chairman’s attempt to uplift the audience ensuring us that life has survived toughness.
Dr Lyall Anderson National Museums of Scotland
Dr Crispin Little University of Leeds
Dr David Pearce British Antartic Survey
Professor Chris Thomas University of York





